The purpose of the CRESPAR R&D Report is to provide education practitioners, policymakers, and researchers with information about the Center's work. CRESPAR Technical Reports are available in print from our Publications Department or online. CRESPAR is organized as a partnership of Johns Hopkins University and Howard University, and supported by a grant (R117-D40005) from the National Institute on the Education of At-Risk Students (At-Risk Institute), one of five institutes created by the Educational Research, Development, Dissemination and Improvement Act of 1994 and located within the Office of Educational Research and Improvement (OERI) at the U.S. Department of Education. The At-Risk Institute supports a range of research and development activities designed to improve the education of students at risk of educational failure because of limited English proficiency, poverty, race, geographic location, or economic disadvantage. The content or opinions expressed herein do not necessarily reflect the views of the Department of Education or any other agency of the U.S. Government. The program was discontinued in 2004. Archived newsletters are available online. Click here to go to the CRESPAR Newsletters site. | 
